ABSTRACT
Resumo Introdução Os índices de aleitamento materno no Brasil permanecem muito abaixo dos considerados ideais, fazendo-se necessário o entendimento das variáveis envolvidas na fragmentação do aleitamento ao longo dos meses de vida da criança. Objetivo Objetivou-se, neste estudo, verificar a associação entre o tipo de aleitamento no momento da alta hospitalar do recém-nascido e a prática da amamentação aos seis meses de vida. Método Estudo transversal, com dados coletados do prontuário clínico de 301 crianças participantes de um programa de incentivo ao aleitamento materno. Foram considerados os fatores de risco e de proteção ao aleitamento, tais como: idade dos pais, presença do companheiro, paridade, renda familiar, permanência em alojamento conjunto, tempo decorrido do nascimento até a primeira mamada, tempo de hospitalização, tipo de amamentação na alta hospitalar e uso de chupeta ao longo dos seis meses de vida. Resultados Os resultados mostraram haver associação significativa entre aleitamento materno exclusivo na alta hospitalar e aos seis meses de idade (p=0,0205). Conclusão A observação desses dados permite concluir que é importante que, ao deixar a maternidade, o bebê esteja em amamentação exclusiva, pois, dessa forma, terá 2,5 vezes mais chances de manter esse tipo de aleitamento até os seis meses de vida.
Abstract Introduction Breastfeeding rates in Brazil remain far below those considered ideal, making it necessary understanding the variables involved in the fragmentation of this process over the months of a child's life. Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the association between type of breastfeeding of newborns at hospital discharge and at six months of age. Method A cross-sectional study with data collected from the medical records of 301 children participating in a program to encourage exclusive breastfeeding. The study considered risk and protection factors to breastfeeding such as age of parents, presence of mate, parity, family income, stay in room, time elapsed from birth to first breastfeeding, hospitalization time, type of breastfeeding at hospital discharge, and use of pacifier until the age of six months. Results The results revealed significant correlation between exclusive breastfeeding at hospital discharge and at six months of age (p=0.0205). Conclusion Observation of data enabled the following conclusion: it is important that newborns undergo exclusive breastfeeding after hospital discharge because, this way, they will be 2.5 times more likely to maintain this type of feeding until the age of six months.
ABSTRACT
Aim: To investigate the relation between uncooperative behavior and salivary cortisol level in childrenwho underwent preventive dental care. Methods: The sample was composed by 10 children of bothsexes aged 40 to 52 months, presenting uncooperative behavior during dental preventive treatments.The saliva collection was performed using a cotton wheel and an Eppendorf tube (Sarstedt Salivete®)in 3 different moments: a) at home, on a day without dental treatment and at the same time on theday of the sessions treatment; b) 30 min after the end of the session, when there was manifestationof uncooperative behavior; c) 30 min after the end of the session, when there was a cooperativebehavior of the child. A sample of saliva was centrifuged for 5 minutes at 2400 rpm, 1 of mL of salivawas pipetted in an Eppendorf tube and stored in a freezer at -20 ° C. For the determination of thelevels of salivary cortisol was used an Active® kit for cortisol enzyme immunoassay (EIA) DSL-10-67100, composed of specific rabbit antibody anti-cortisol. Data were analyzed statistically for theuncooperative behavior issued in the beginning and at the end of sessions, using the paired t test(p<0.05) and for cortisol levels in saliva samples at home, after the beginning and at the end ofsessions, using repeated-measures ANOVA and Tukeys test (p<0.05). Results: During expression ofuncooperative behavior in preventive dental care sessions the salivary cortisol level was significantlyhigher (0.65 ± 0.25 µg/dL) compared with expression of collaborative behavior (0.24 ± 0.10 µg/dL).Conclusions: It is possible to conclude that, even under preventive intervention, the stress must becontrolled in order to reduce dental anxiety and fear.